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Seroprevalence of hepatitis E virus infection among volunteer blood donors in Central Brazil
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Weis-Torres, Sabrina Moreira dos Santos

; França, Adriana de Oliveira

; Granato, Celso

; Passarini, Amanda

; Motta-Castro, Ana Rita Coimbra

Brazilian Journal of Infectious Diseases

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2022, Volume 26 Nº 2 elocation 102350

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract A cross-sectional study was carried out in the Hematology and Hemotherapy Institute of the state of Mato Grosso do Sul (Hemosul) to evaluate the seroprevalence and risk factors of Hepatitis E Virus (HEV) exposure among volunteer blood donors in Central Brazil. Two-hundred fifty samples from the biorepository were tested for anti-HEV IgG and IgM using the Wantai HEV ELISA test. The seroprevalence of HEV exposure was 6.4% (95% CI: 3.9–10.2). Being born in another state of Brazil, mainly in the Southeast and South regions, was associated with a higher risk of HEV exposure (p < 0.001).

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjid.2022.102350

Late peripheral facial paralysis after COVID-19: a rapid systematic review and two case reports
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Cavalcante, Thalitta Mendes

; Gubert, Vanessa Terezinha

; Lima, Carolina de Deus

; Luciano, Larissa Anjos

; Croda, Mariana Garcia

; Venturini, James

; Gasparoto, Antonio Luiz Dal Bello

; Santiago, Wellyngton Matheus Souza

; Motta-Castro, Ana Rita Coimbra

; Reis, Fernanda Paes

; Marques, Ana Paula da Costa

; Lorenz, Aline Pedroso

; Fava, Wellington Santos

; Zardin, Marina Castilhos Souza Umaki

; Chaves, Cláudia Elizabeth Volpe

; Braga, Gabriel Pereira

; Paniago, Anamaria Mello Miranda

; Oliveira, Sandra Maria do Valle Leone de

Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins including Tropical Diseases

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2022, Volume 28 elocation e20220020

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Peripheral facial paralysis (PFP) has been shown to be a neurological manifestation of COVID-19. The current study presents two cases of PFP after COVID-19, along with a rapid review of known cases in the literature. Both case reports were conducted following CARE guidelines. We also performed a systematic review of PFP cases temporally related to COVID-19 using PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases on August 30, 2021, using a rapid review methodology. The two patients experienced PFP 102 and 110 days after COVID-19 symptom onset. SARS-CoV-2 RNA was detected in nasal samples through reverse-transcription real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) testing. Anosmia was the only other neurological manifestation. PFP was treated with steroids in both cases, with complete subsequent recovery. In the rapid review, we identified 764 articles and included 43 studies. From those, 128 patients with PFP were analyzed, of whom 42.1% (54/128) were male, 39.06% (50/128) female, and in 23 cases the gender was not reported. The age range was 18 to 59 (54.68%). The median time between COVID-19 and PFP was three days (ranging from the first symptom of COVID-19 to 40 days after the acute phase of infection). Late PFP associated with COVID-19 presents mild symptoms and improves with time, with no identified predictors. Late PFP should be added to the spectrum of neurological manifestations associated with the long-term effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection as a post COVID-19 condition.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-9199-jvatitd-2022-0020

The 12 city HIV Surveillance Survey among MSM in Brazil 2016 using respondent-driven sampling: a description of methods and RDS diagnostics
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Kendall, Carl

; Kerr, Ligia

; Mota, Rosa Salani

; Guimarães, Mark Drew Crosland

; Leal, Andrea Fachel

; Merchan-Hamann, Edgar

; Dourado, Inês

; Veras, Maria Amélia

; Brito, Ana Maria de

; Pontes, Alexandre Kerr

; Motta-Castro, Ana Rita Coimbra

; Macena, Raimunda Hermelinda Maia

; Knauth, Daniela

; Lima, Luana Nepomuceno Gondim Costa

; Oliveira, Lisangela Cristina

; Cavalcante, Socorro

; Camillo, Ana Cláudia

; Bermudez, Ximena Pamela Diaz

; Moreira, Regina Célia

; Benzaken, Adele Schwartz

; Pereira, Gerson

; Pascom, Ana Roberta Pati

; Pimenta, Cristina

; Grazina Johnston, Lisa

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia

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2019, Volume 22 elocation e190004

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO: Introdução: Este artigo detalha os métodos utilizados na segunda Pesquisa Nacional de Vigilância Biológica e Comportamental (BBSS) do HIV, sífilis e hepatite B e C entre os homens que fazem sexo com homens no Brasil. Métodos: O método Respondent-driven Sampling (RDS) foi utilizado em 12 cidades em 2016. A amostra foi iniciada com cinco a seis sementes em cada cidade. Testes rápidos para o HIV, sífilis e Hepatite B e C foram oferecidos aos participantes. O software RDS Analyst com o estimador de amostragem sucessiva (SS) de Gile foi utilizado para ajustar os resultados como recomendado, gerando um peso para cada indivíduo para análises. Osdados das 12cidades foram unidos em um único banco e analisados usando as ferramentas de dados complexos do Stata 14.0, com cada cidade sendo tratada como seu próprio estrato. Resultados: A duração da coleta de dados variou de 5,9 a 17,6 semanas e 4.176 homens foram recrutados nas 12 cidades. Dois sites não alcançaram o tamanho da amostra alvo devido a uma demora de seis meses na aprovação local do Comitê de Ética. Todas as cidades atingiram a convergência na principal variável estudada (HIV). Conclusão: O BBSS foi representativo e concluído conforme planejado e dentro do orçamento. A descrição dos métodos aqui é mais detalhada do que o habitual, devido às novas ferramentas e requisitos de diagnóstico das novas diretrizes do STROBE-RDS.

ABSTRACT: Introduction: This paper details the methods used in the second national Biological and Behavioral Surveillance Survey (BBSS) of HIV, syphilis, and hepatitis B and C among men who have sex with men in Brazil. Methods: Respondent-driven sampling (RDS) was used in 12 cities in 2016. The targeted sample size was initiated with five to six seeds in each city. HIV, syphilis, and Hepatitis B and C rapid tests were offered to participants. RDS Analyst with Gile’s successive sampling (SS) estimator was used to adjust results as recommended and a weight for each individual was generated for further analysis. Data for the 12 cities were merged and analyzed using Stata 14.0 complex survey data tools with each city treated as its own stratum. Results: Duration of data collection varied from 5.9 to 17.6 weeks. 4,176 men were recruited in the 12 cities. Two sites failed to achieve targeted sample size due to a six-month delay in local IRB approval. No city failed to reach convergence in our major outcome variable (HIV). Conclusion: The comprehensive BBSS was completed as planned and on budget. The description of methods here is more detailed than usual, due to new diagnostic tools and requirements of the new STROBE-RDS guidelines.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-549720190004

Discrimination based on sexual orientation against MSM in Brazil: a latent class analysis
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Magno, Laio

; Silva, Luís Augusto V. da

; Guimarães, Mark Drew Crosland

; Veras, Maria Amélia de Sousa Mascena

; Deus, Luiz Fábio Alves de

; Leal, Andrea Fachel

; Knauth, Daniela Riva

; Brito, Ana Maria de

; Rocha, Gustavo Machado

; Lima, Luana Nepomuceno Gondim Costa

; Kendall, Carl

; Motta-Castro, Ana Rita Coimbra

; Kerr, Ligia Regina Franco Sansigolo

; Mota, Rosa Maria Salani

; Merchan-Hamann, Edgar

; Dourado, Inês Costa

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia

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2019, Volume 22 Supl. 1 elocation e190003

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Introdução: A discriminação por orientação sexual (DPOS) pode influenciar a vulnerabilidade ao HIV aumentando a exposição a comportamentos sexuais de risco entre homens que fazem sexo com homens (HSH). Objetivos: Examinar dados utilizando a análise de classes latentes (ACL) para identificar grupos de indivíduos com padrões específicos de DPOS. Métodos: Estudo transversal com entrevistados recrutados pelo processo amostral respondent driven sampling em 12 cidades brasileiras em 2016. A ACL foi usada para caracterizar o DPOS entre HSH com base em 13 variáveis do bloco de discriminação do questionário da pesquisa. As proporções de DPOS e das variáveis de interesse, bem como seus intervalos de confiança (95%) foram ponderados usando o estimador de Gile. Resultados: A maioria era de jovens, solteiros, com alguma religião, escolaridade média ou superior, cor da pele preta ou parda e com nível socioeconômico médio. Mais da metade referiu ter sido discriminado nos últimos 12 meses por sua orientação sexual (65%), mais de um terço referiu ter tido medo de andar em lugares públicos nos últimos 12 meses e em torno de um quinto dos participantes reportaram ter sofrido agressão física ou sexual na vida. A DPOS foi classificada em 4 classes latentes, “muito alta”, “alta”, “média” e “baixa”, com estimativas de 2,2%, 16,4%, 35,1% e 46,19%, respectivamente. Conclusão: Observou-se alta proporção de discriminação entre os HSH participantes deste estudo. A utilização da ACL discriminou de maneira parcimoniosa as classes de DPOS.

ABSTRACT Introduction: Discrimination based on sexual orientation can influence vulnerability to HIV, increasing exposure to risky sexual behavior among men who have sex with men (MSM). Objectives: To analyze data using latent class analysis (LCA) to identify groups of individuals with specific patterns of discrimination based on sexual orientation (DSO). Methods: Cross-sectional study using respondent-driven sampling in 12 Brazilian cities in 2016. LCA was used to characterize discrimination among MSM based on 13 variables in the survey questionnaire. The proportions of men reporting DSO and other variables of interest were estimated using Gile’s Successive Sampling estimator. Results: Most MSM were young, single, had a religion, had a high school or college degree, black or brown skin color, and socioeconomic status classified as average. More than half of the participants reported that they had been discriminated against during the last 12 months due to their sexual orientation (65%), more than a third said they had felt afraid of walking in public places during the past 12 months, and about one-fifth of participants reported having been victims of physical or sexual assault due to DSO. DSO was classified into four latent classes: “very high”, “high”, “moderate” and “low”, with estimates of 2.2%, 16.4%, 35.1%, and 46.19%, respectively. Conclusion: We observed a high proportion of discrimination against MSM in this study. The use of LCA differentiated parsimoniously classes of discrimination.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-549720190003.supl.1

Discrimination based on sexual orientation against MSM in Brazil: a latent class analysis
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Magno, Laio

; Silva, Luís Augusto V. da

; Guimarães, Mark Drew Crosland

; Veras, Maria Amélia de Sousa Mascena

; Deus, Luiz Fábio Alves de

; Leal, Andrea Fachel

; Knauth, Daniela Riva

; Brito, Ana Maria de

; Rocha, Gustavo Machado

; Lima, Luana Nepomuceno Gondim Costa

; Kendall, Carl

; Motta-Castro, Ana Rita Coimbra

; Kerr, Ligia Regina Franco Sansigolo

; Mota, Rosa Maria Salani

; Merchan-Hamann, Edgar

; Dourado, Inês Costa

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia

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2019, Volume 22 Supl. 1 elocation e190003

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-549720190003.supl.1 2392 downloads

The 12 city HIV Surveillance Survey among MSM in Brazil 2016 using respondent-driven sampling: a description of methods and RDS diagnostics
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Kendall, Carl

; Kerr, Ligia

; Mota, Rosa Salani

; Guimarães, Mark Drew Crosland

; Leal, Andrea Fachel

; Merchan-Hamann, Edgar

; Dourado, Inês

; Veras, Maria Amélia

; Brito, Ana Maria de

; Pontes, Alexandre Kerr

; Motta-Castro, Ana Rita Coimbra

; Macena, Raimunda Hermelinda Maia

; Knauth, Daniela

; Lima, Luana Nepomuceno Gondim Costa

; Oliveira, Lisangela Cristina

; Cavalcante, Socorro

; Camillo, Ana Cláudia

; Bermudez, Ximena Pamela Diaz

; Moreira, Regina Célia

; Benzaken, Adele Schwartz

; Pereira, Gerson

; Pascom, Ana Roberta Pati

; Pimenta, Cristina

; Grazina Johnston, Lisa

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia

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2019, Volume 22 elocation e190004

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-549720190004 2719 downloads

Seroprevalence of rodent-borne viruses in Afro-descendent communities in Brazil
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Fernandes, Jorlan

; Coelho, Thayssa Alves

; Oliveira, Renata Carvalho de

; Guedes, Livia Stefânia Alves Lima

; Teixeira, Bernardo Rodrigues

; Guterres, Alexandro

; Niel, Christian

; Levis, Silvana C.

; Lago, Barbara Vieira

; Motta-Castro, Ana Rita Coimbra

; Lemos, Elba Regina Sampaio de

Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo

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2019, Volume 61 elocation e66

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT During the Brazilian slavery period, many African migrants were brought to the American continent. Historically, some of these migrants escaped from the Brazilian gold mines and farms to which they had been brought and settled in remote valleys and this was the main mode of resistance to the slavery system. These runaway-slave descendant communities are called quilombos, a group with distinct ethnic identity, specific behavioral habits, including geographic isolation and conservative practices. The objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence of rodent-borne viruses in two Afro-descendent communities from Mato Grosso do Sul State, Midwestern Brazil. A total of 319 individuals from rural and urban quilombola communities were enrolled. Twelve (3.76%) had anti-rodent-borne virus IgG antibodies. Seven (2.19%) were anti-mammarenavirus reactive and nine (2.82%) had anti-orthohantavirus antibodies. The literature includes limited data on the health status of quilombola communities, but all the studies emphasize the disparity of attention of local healthcare personnel to these communities compared to the general population. The findings of this study highlight the vulnerability and the precarious health conditions of quilombola groups, especially those living in rural areas and thus, point to the need of preventive measures to improve access to healthcare for this ethnic group.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1678-9946201961066 414 downloads

Human T cell lymphotropic virus type 1 infection among men who have sex with men in Central Brazil
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Castro, Lisie Souza

; Rezende, Grazielli Rocha de

; Fernandes, Fernanda Rodas Pires

; Bandeira, Larissa Melo

; Puga, Marco Antonio Moreira

; Tanaka, Tayana Serpa Ortiz

; Weis-Torres, Sabrina Moreira dos Santos

; Vicente, Ana Carolina Paulo

; Otsuki, Koko

; Motta-Castro, Ana Rita Coimbra

Brazilian Journal of Infectious Diseases

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Nov 2018, Volume 22 Nº 6 Páginas 472 - 476

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Human T cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) was the first retrovirus discovered in humans and is endemic in several parts of the world. Because of risk behaviors, mainly sexual, men who have sex with men (MSM) are at high risk of acquiring HTLV-1 infection. A cross-sectional study was performed to estimate the prevalence of HTLV-1 infection, to characterize genetically HTLV-1 sequences and to identify risk behaviors associated with this infection among MSM in Central Brazil. A total of 430 MSM were enrolled in this study and three were shown to be HTLV-1 infected, prevalence of 0.7% (95% confidence interval: 0.4-0.9). Phylogenetic analysis showed that all HTLV-1 positive samples belonged to Cosmopolitan subtype Transcontinental subgroup A. Although the prevalence rate of HTLV-1 infection found in this study was similar to that observed among Brazilian blood donors, additional HTLV-1 preventive interventions need to be further implemented because this population is engaged in high-risk sexual behavior.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjid.2018.11.003 557 downloads

High-risk behaviors for hepatitis B and C infections among female sex workers
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Puga, Marco Antonio Moreira

; Bandeira, Larissa Melo

; Weis, Sabrina Moreira dos Santos

; Fernandes, Fernanda Rodas Pires

; Castro, Lisie Souza

; Tanaka, Tayana Serpa Ortiz

; Rezende, Grazielli Rocha de

; Teles, Sheila Araújo

; Castro, Vivianne de Oliveira Landgraf de

; Murat, Paula Guerra

; Capelin, Gina Jonasson Mousquer

; Motta-Castro, Ana Rita Coimbra

Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical

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Abr 2018, Volume 51 Nº 2 Páginas 198 - 202

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract INTRODUCTION: The prevalence of hepatitis B and hepatitis C and risk behaviors among 402 female sex workers in Central Brazil were investigated by respondent-driven sampling. METHODS: Blood samples were tested for hepatitis B and C markers by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Two hepatitis B vaccination schedules were performed. RESULTS: The prevalence of hepatitis B and C infections were 9.3% and 0.5%, respectively. Susceptibility to hepatitis B infection was observed in 61.5% of subjects. There was no significant difference in adherence index (p=0.52) between vaccination schedules and all participants had protective antibody titers. CONCLUSIONS: This hard-to-reach population requires hepatitis B and C surveillance.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0037-8682-0231-2017 1981 downloads

10.

Frequency of indeterminate results from an interferon-gamma release assay among HIV-infected individuals
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Oliveira, Sandra Maria do Valle Leone de

; Trajman, Anete

; Paniago, Anamaria Mello Miranda

; Motta-Castro, Ana Rita Coimbra

; Ruffino-Netto, Antonio

; Maciel, Ethel Leonor Noia

; Croda, Julio

; Bonecini-Almeida, Maria da Gloria

Jornal Brasileiro de Pneumologia

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Jun 2017, Volume 43 Nº 3 Páginas 215 - 218

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar a frequência de resultados indeterminados de um interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA, ensaio de liberação de interferon-gama) e os fatores relacionados com esses resultados em pessoas vivendo com HIV/AIDS (PVHA). Métodos: Foram avaliadas 81 PVHA na região Centro-Oeste do Brasil, por meio do teste tuberculínico e de um IGRA. Informações a respeito de variáveis sociodemográficas e clínicas foram obtidas por meio de questionários e prontuários médicos. A relação entre essas variáveis e os resultados indeterminados foi avaliada por meio do cálculo da OR ajustada em um modelo de regressão logística multivariada. A concordância foi avaliada por meio do coeficiente kappa. Resultados: Os resultados do teste tuberculínico e do IGRA foram positivos em 18 (22,2%) e 10 (12,3%), respectivamente, dos 81 pacientes avaliados (κ = 0,62). O resultado do IGRA foi indeterminado em 22 (27,1%) dos pacientes (IC95%: 17,8-38,1%). A chance de resultados indeterminados foi significativamente maior em fumantes (OR ajustada = 6,0; IC95%: 1,4-26,7) e em amostras armazenadas durante menos de 35 dias (OR ajustada = 14,0; IC95%: 3,1-64,2). Pacientes com imunossupressão avançada (contagem de células T CD4+ < 200 células/mm3) apresentaram maior risco de resultados indeterminados (OR ajustada para tabagismo e tempo inadequado de armazenamento das amostras = 4,7; IC95%: 0,91-24,0), embora a diferença não tenha sido significativa. Conclusões: A alta prevalência de resultados indeterminados pode ser um grande obstáculo ao uso rotineiro de IGRAs em PVHA. A necessidade de repetir o teste aumenta seu custo e deve ser levada em conta em estudos da relação entre custo e eficácia. O processamento das amostras pode alterar significativamente os resultados.

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the frequency of and factors associated with indeterminate interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA) results in people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA). Methods: We tested 81 PLWHA in the central-west region of Brazil, using the tuberculin skin test and an IGRA. Information on sociodemographic and clinical variables was gathered through the use of questionnaires and from medical records. The association of those variables with indeterminate results was analyzed by calculating the adjusted ORs in a multivariate logistic regression model. Concordance was evaluated by determining the kappa statistic. Results: Among the 81 patients evaluated, the tuberculin skin test results were positive in 18 (22.2%) of the patients, and the IGRA results were positive in 10 (12.3%), with a kappa of 0.62. The IGRA results were indeterminate in 22 (27.1%) of the patients (95% CI: 17.8-38.1%). The odds of obtaining indeterminate results were significantly higher in smokers (adjusted OR = 6.0; 95% CI: 1.4-26.7) and in samples stored for less than 35 days (adjusted OR = 14.0; 95% CI: 3.1-64.2). Patients with advanced immunosuppression (CD4+ T-cell count < 200 cells/mm3) were at a higher risk for indeterminate results (OR adjusted for smoking and inadequate duration of sample storage = 4.7; 95% CI: 0.91-24.0), although the difference was not significant. Conclusions: The high prevalence of indeterminate results can be a major limitation for the routine use of IGRAs in PLWHA. The need to repeat the test increases its costs and should be taken into account in cost-effectiveness studies. The processing of samples can significantly alter the results.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1806-37562016000000125 1643 downloads

11.

Poor sensitivity of rapid tests for the detection of antibodies to the hepatitis B virus: implications for field studies
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Cruz, Helena Medina

; Scalioni, Leticia de Paula

; Paula, Vanessa Salete de

; Miguel, Juliana Custódio

; Ó, Kycia Maria Rodrigues do

; Milagres, Flavio Augusto Pádua

; Cruz, Marcelo Santos

; Bastos, Francisco Inácio

; Flores, Priscila Pollo

; Leal, Erotildes

; Motta-Castro, Ana Rita Coimbra

; Lewis-Ximenez, Lia Laura

; Lampe, Elisabeth

; Villar, Livia Melo

Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz

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Mar 2017, Volume 112 Nº 3 Páginas 209 - 213

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Rapid tests (RTs) can be used as an alternative method for the conventional diagnosis of hepatitis B virus (HBV). This study aims to evaluate antibodies to HBsAg (anti-HBs) and antibodies to HBeAg (anti-HBe) RTs under different Brazilian settings. The following three groups were included: GI: viral hepatitis outpatient services; GII: low resource areas; and GIII: crack users and beauticians. Imuno-rápido anti-HBsAg™ and Imuno-rápido anti-HBeAg™ RTs were evaluated and showed specificities greater than 95% in all groups. The sensitivity values to anti-HBs were 50.38%, 51.05% and 46.73% and the sensitivity values to anti-HBe were 76.99%, 10.34% and 11.76% in the GI, GII and GIII groups, respectively. The assays had a low sensitivity and high specificity, which indicated their use for screening in regions endemic for HBV.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0074-02760160394 2044 downloads

12.

Viral hepatitis in female sex workers using the Respondent-Driven Sampling
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Matos, Marcos André de

; França, Divânia Dias da Silva

; Carneiro, Megmar Aparecida dos Santos

; Martins, Regina Maria Bringel

; Kerr, Lígia Regina Franco Sansigolo

; Caetano, Karlla Antonieta Amorim

; Pinheiro, Raquel Silva

; Araújo, Lyriane Apolinário de

; Mota, Rosa Maria Salani

; Matos, Marcia Alves Dias de

; Motta-Castro, Ana Rita Coimbra

; Teles, Sheila Araújo

Revista de Saúde Pública

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2017, Volume 51 elocation 65

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To estimate the prevalence of hepatitis B virus and C virus infections and their genotypes and analyze the risk factors for the markers of exposure to hepatitis B virus in female sex workers in a region of intense sex trade. METHODS This is a cross-sectional study performed with four hundred and two female sex workers in Goiânia, Brazil. Data have been collected using the Respondent-Driven Sampling. The women have been interviewed and tested for markers of hepatitis B and C viruses. Positive samples have been genotyped. The data have been analyzed using the Respondent-Driven Sampling Analysis Tool, version 5.3, and Stata 11.0. RESULTS The adjusted prevalence for hepatitis B virus and C virus were 17.1% (95%CI 11.6–23.4) and 0.7% (95%CI 0.1–1.5), respectively. Only 28% (95%CI 21.1–36.4) of the participants had serological evidence of vaccination against hepatitis B virus. Being older (> 40 years), being single, having a history of blood transfusion and use of cocaine, and ignoring the symptoms of sexually transmitted infections were associated with positivity for hepatitis B virus (p < 0.05). We have detected the subgenotype A1 of hepatitis B virus (n = 3) and the subtypes of hepatitis C virus 1a (n = 3) and 1b (n = 1). CONCLUSIONS We can observe a low prevalence of infection of hepatitis B and C viruses in the studied population. However, the findings of the analysis of the risk factors show the need for more investment in prevention programs for sexual and drug-related behavior, as well as more efforts to vaccinate this population against hepatitis B. The genotypes of the hepatitis B virus and C virus identified are consistent with those circulating in Brazil.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1518-8787.2017051006540 1345 downloads

13.

Viral hepatitis in female sex workers using the Respondent-Driven Sampling
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Matos, Marcos André de

; França, Divânia Dias da Silva

; Carneiro, Megmar Aparecida dos Santos

; Martins, Regina Maria Bringel

; Kerr, Lígia Regina Franco Sansigolo

; Caetano, Karlla Antonieta Amorim

; Pinheiro, Raquel Silva

; Araújo, Lyriane Apolinário de

; Mota, Rosa Maria Salani

; Matos, Marcia Alves Dias de

; Motta-Castro, Ana Rita Coimbra

; Teles, Sheila Araújo

Revista de Saúde Pública

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2017, Volume 51 elocation 65

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1518-8787.2017051006540 273 downloads

14.

Hepatite B em profissionais de enfermagem: prevalência e fatores ocupacionais de risco
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Morais, Laís Queiroz

; Motta-Castro, Ana Rita Coimbra

; Frota, Oleci Pereira

; Contrera, Luciana

; Carvalho, Paula Renata Tedesco de

; Fernandes, Fernanda Rodas Pires

Revista Enfermagem UERJ

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Jun 2016, Volume 24 Nº 3 elocation e11143

Resumo: En Es Pt | Texto: En Es Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT Objectives: to estimate the prevalence of infection by Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) among nursing staff at a university hospital and to investigate related occupational risk factors. Method: this descriptive, exploratory study was performed at a large public hospital in Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. From 2011 to 2012, 275 nursing professionals, including nurses (n=40), nursing technicians (n=113) and nursing auxiliaries (n=122), were interviewed and underwent blood sampling for detection of serological markers of HBV infection by Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). Results: overall prevalence of HBV infection was 11.6% (CI 95%: 0.1-0.6). The isolated anti-HBs marker, suggesting vaccine immunity, was detected in 63.7% of participants. Conclusion: it is necessary to implement effective strategies for designing diagnostic, education, prophylactic and healthcare measures for the prevention and control of HBV infection in these professionals.

RESUMEN Objetivos: estimar la prevalencia e investigar los factores asociados con la infección por el Virus de la Hepatitis B (HBV) en profesionales de enfermería de un hospital universitario. Método: estudio descriptivo-exploratorio se llevó a cabo en un hospital público, ubicado en Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. Entre 2011 y 2012, 275 profesionales de enfermería, incluyendo enfermeros (n=40), técnicos (n=113) y auxiliares de enfermería (n=122), fueron entrevistados y toma de muestras de sangre fueron sometidos para la detección de marcadores serológicos de infección por el VHB por medio de Ensayo de Inmunoadsorción Enzimática (ELISA). Resultados: La prevalencia global de la infección por el HBV fue de 11,6% (IC: 95%: 0,1-0,6). La presencia del marcador anti-HBs aislado, lo que sugiere la inmunidad de la vacuna, se detectó en 63,7% de los participantes. Conclusión: existe la necesidad de implementación de estrategias de diagnóstico, educación, prevención y atención más eficiente para la prevención y control de la infección por el VHB en estos profesionales.

RESUMO Objetivos: estimar a prevalência e investigar os fatores de riscos associados à infecção pelo vírus da hepatite B (HBV) em profissionais de enfermagem de um hospital universitário. Método: estudo descritivo, realizado num hospital público, localizado em Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil. Entre 2011 e 2012, 275 profissionais de enfermagem, incluindo enfermeiros (n=40), técnicos (n=113) e auxiliares de enfermagem (n=122) foram entrevistados e submetidos à coleta de sangue para detecção dos marcadores sorológicos da infecção pelo HBV, pelo Ensaio de Imunoadsorção Enzimática (ELISA). Estudo aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa, protocolo n° 2154/2011. Resultados: a prevalência global para infecção pelo HBV foi de 11,6% (IC: 95%: 0,1-0,6). A presença do marcador anti-HB isolado, que sugere imunidade vacinal, foi detectada em 63,7% dos participantes. Conclusão: percebeu-se a necessidade da implantação de estratégias eficientes para o delineamento de ações diagnósticas, educativas, profiláticas e assistenciais visando à prevenção e controle da infecção pelo HBV nestes profissionais.

https://doi.org/10.12957/reuerj.2016.11143 6 downloads

15.

Neospora caninum and Toxoplasma gondii serodiagnosis in human immunodeficiency virus carriers
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Oshiro, Leandra Marla

; Motta-Castro, Ana Rita Coimbra

; Freitas, Solange Zacalusni

; Cunha, Rodrigo Casquero

; Dittrich, Rosangela Locatelli

; Meirelles, Andréa Christine Ferreira

; Andreotti, Renato

Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical

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Out 2015, Volume 48 Nº 5 Páginas 568 - 572

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACTINTRODUCTION:Neospora caninum and Toxoplasma gondii belong to the Sarcocystidae family, and both have one definitive and various intermediary hosts. Owing to their weak immune systems, immunocompromised persons might be prone to opportunistic infections. The aim of this study was to investigate the presence of anti- N. caninum and anti- T. gondii antibodies in immunocompromised individuals.METHODS:This cross-sectional study investigated the rates of N. caninum and T. gondii , as assessed using immunofluorescent antibody reaction (IFAT) with 1:50 and 1:16 dilution, respectively, in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).RESULTS:The seropositivity for N. caninum was 26.1% (81/310) in Mato Grosso do Sul and 31.2% (10/32) in Paraná and for T. gondii was 76.8% (238/310) in Mato Grosso do Sul and 68.7% (22/32) in Paraná.CONCLUSIONS:There is evidence of anti- N caninum and anti- T. gondii antibodies in patients with HIV. Other aspects of T. gondii , which is a zoonosis, and N. caninum , which might affect immunodeficient individuals, need to be evaluated and reported.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0037-8682-0151-2015 2116 downloads

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